POST WAR CHAOS:

WHAT CONNECTS THE FOLLOWING INDIVIDUALS?  

   •   Guillaume Apollinaire, French surrealist poet .

   •   Felix Arndt, American composer

   •   Randolph Bourne, American political thinker

   •   Henry G Ginaca, American inventor

   •   Myrtle Gonzalez, American actress

   •   Joe Hall, Canadian ice hocky player

   •   Phoebe Hurst, American educator

   •   Hans E Lau, Danish astronomer

   •   Harold Lockwood, American actor

   •   King Watzke, New Orleans bandleader

   •   Reggie Schwarz, South African cricketer

   •   Yakov Sverdlov, Russian revolutionary

   •   Jacinta and Francisco Marto, 2 visionaries at

Fatima, Portugal 1917

   •   William Walker, British diver

   •   Anton Dilger, in charge of German biological warfare in WWI

I. REVOLUTION IN RUSSIA:

A. Tsarist Failure

B. February Revolution

C. October Revolution

D. Civil War:

Red Army vs. White Army

Red:

Russians under Lenin

(and Mongolia, Ukraine, Latvia)

                        White:

British Empire

United Kingdom

Canada

Australia

India

Japan

Czechoslovakia

Greece

Poland

United States

France

Romania

Serbia

Italy

China

5000 U.S. soldiers, the Polar Bear Expedition

E. The Rise of Stalin:

           

O great Stalin, O leader of the peoples,

Thou who broughtest man to birth.

Thou who fructifies the earth,

Thou who restorest to centuries,

Thou who makest bloom the spring,

Thou who makest vibrate the musical chords...

Thou, splendour of my spring, O thou,

Sun reflected by millions of hearts.

(A. O. Avdienko)

II. GLOBAL PANDEMIC:

Influenza comes from the Italian,

Influenza di freddo--"influence of the cold."

1. King Williamstown, South Africa and the Prophetess Nonketha Mekwenke

2. Japan:

--257,363 deaths by July 1919, 0.425% mortality rate…lowest in Asia.

3. India: 17 million die, 5% of population

4. Brevig Mission, Alaska

Had a pop. 84 in June, 1918.                

By November, 13 children and

teenagers remained.

5. New Zealanders off of Sierra Leone

            1150 troops…

            900 cases, 83 deaths…

6. Samoa

Western Samoa:

S.S. Talune arrives at Aria

In two months, 7542 die from flu…20% of population.

American Samoa:

            Colonial Governor John M. Poyer

OVERALL:

DEATH TOLL

            WWI=around 15 million total deaths

                        (U.S. 116,000 deaths)

            Influenza: 50 million deaths

                        (U.S. 700,000 deaths)

Alfred Crosby: the virus "killed more humans than any other disease in a period of similar duration in the history of the world."

WHAT LINKS THE FOLLOWING INDIVIDUALS?  

   •   Guillaume Apollinaire, French surrealist poet .

   •   Felix Arndt, American composer

   •   Randolph Bourne, American political thinker

   •   Henry G Ginaca, American inventor

   •   Myrtle Gonzalez, American actress

   •   Joe Hall, Canadian ice hocky player

   •   Phoebe Hurst, American educator

   •   Hans E Lau, Danish astronomer

   •   Harold Lockwood, American actor

   •   King Watzke, New Orleans bandleader

   •   Reggie Schwarz, South African cricketer

   •   Yakov Sverdlov, Russian revolutionary

   •   Jacinta and Francisco Marto, 2 visionaries at

Fatima, Portugal 1917

   •   William Walker, British diver

   •   Anton Dilger, in charge of German biological warfare in WWI

THEY ALL DIED FROM THE SPANISH INFLUENZA.

On 5th October 2005, researchers announced the genetic sequence of the 1918 flu strain had been reconstructed using tissue samples. The 2005 H5N1 bird flu strain spreading through Asia has some features of the 1918 strain.

 (Washington Post 5-Oct-2005)

III. WORLDWIDE DEPRESSION: